In October 2024, a troubling trend has been observed along the western coast of Thailand: eight dugongs, a critically endangered marine mammal species, have been found dead and washed ashore in the Andaman Sea. This event marks a critical point for the species, with scientists now warning that the population may decline dramatically within the next five to eight years unless urgent action is taken.

What is a Dugong?

The dugong (Dugong dugon) is a marine mammal found in coastal waters across tropical and subtropical regions. A close relative of the manatee, dugongs have a slightly different body shape and habitat. They feed almost exclusively on seagrass, playing a vital role in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems by influencing the growth of seagrass beds. The dugong has been endangered for decades due to hunting, habitat loss, and collisions with boats.

The Ongoing Crisis

The sharp increase in dugong deaths this October is an alarming sign that the situation for these animals is worsening. Between October 1 and 24, four males and four females were reported dead, significantly higher than in previous years. This has led marine biologists and conservationists to raise concerns, warning that the dugong population in the Andaman Sea could reach critically low levels in the near future. It is estimated that only a few dozen dugongs may remain in the coming years if the current trend continues.

Causes Behind the Deaths

One of the primary reasons for the dugong deaths is human activity. Boat collisions are a common cause, as dugongs often live in coastal waters with heavy boat traffic. Pollution and habitat loss due to tourism and industrial development also contribute to their decline. Additionally, climate change has affected the growth of seagrass, reducing the food available to dugongs.

Another factor is “ghost fishing,” where abandoned fishing gear in the sea entangles and drowns dugongs. Thai authorities have increased awareness of the issue, but the effectiveness of these measures has been limited.

Future Outlook and Solutions

To prevent further declines in the dugong population, immediate action is necessary. Local marine biologists recommend stronger protection of their natural habitats, particularly the seagrass beds they depend on for food. There are also calls for stricter regulation of boat traffic and measures to reduce ghost fishing in dugong habitats.

Organizations like the Department of Marine and Coastal Resources (DMCR) and various conservation groups are now working together to monitor the situation and implement measures to protect dugongs. There are also plans to increase education and awareness among coastal communities and tourists to minimize their impact on marine life.

Conclusion

The future of dugongs in Thailand’s waters remains uncertain. Without swift and coordinated efforts, this iconic species could vanish from the region within the next decade. It will require joint efforts from authorities, environmental organizations, and local communities to preserve these animals and protect their habitats from further damage.

Sources: Thaiger, Bangkok Post